• 专利附录
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    • 专利摘要:
    In order to reduce the risk of damage to heat exchanger tubes of a high-temperature heat collection device, this solar heat collection system is provided with a low-temperature heat collection device (1) which heats supplied water with solar heat to generate steam, a brackish water separation device (4) which separates a water-steam two-phase fluid generated in the low-temperature heat collection device into water and steam, a high-temperature heat collection device (5) which heats the steam separated by the brackish water separation device (4) with solar heat reflected by multiple heliostats (8) to generate superheated steam, and a heliostat control device (13) which controls the angle of the heliostats such that the metal temperature of the high-temperature heat collection device is less than or equal to a threshold temperature set in order to prevent overshoot of the steam temperature at the outlet of the high-temperature heat collection device.
    公开号:ES2554282A2
    申请号:ES201590102
    申请日:2014-03-05
    公开日:2015-12-17
    发明作者:Kobei SHINOZAKI；Takairo MARUMOTO；Tetsuo Shikata
    申请人:Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Ltd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Solar heat collection system
    Technical field
    The present invention relates to a solar heat collection system that captures heat from the sun and generates steam using heat.
    Background of the invention
    For example, prior techniques in this technical field include the International Publication WO 2013/002054 brochure (patent literature 1). This brochure describes a solar heat collection system that is provided with a low temperature heating device, a steam-water separation device, a high temperature heating device, and a circulation pump (see Summary ). The low temperature heating device heats water supplied from a water feed pump using the heat of sunlight. The steam-water separation device separates a two-phase water-steam fluid generated by the low temperature heating device in water and steam. The high temperature heating device heats the steam separated by the steam-water separation device using the heat of sunlight. The circulation pump supplies the water separated by the steam-water separation device to the low temperature heating device.
    Appointment List
    Patent literature
    Patent Literature 1: International Publication Booklet WO 2013/002054
    Summary of the Invention
    Technical problem
    Figures 15 (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f) respectively show the change in the
    amount of solar radiation, the change of the temperature of the metal of the heat capture device at low temperature, the change of the steam temperature in an inlet of the steam-water separation device, the change of the steam flow in an inlet (output) of the high temperature heat capture device, the change of the metal temperature of the high temperature heat capture device, and the change of the steam temperature at the output of the high temperature heat capture device in the case where the solar heat collection system of patent literature 1 is used to generate steam.
    When the amount of solar radiation begins to increase in an instant of time t1 as shown in Figure 15 (a), the low temperature heat capture device and the high temperature heat capture device are put into operation and the metal temperatures of the respective heat collection devices begin to increase as shown in figure 15 (b) and figure 15 (e). The water supplied to the low temperature heat capture device is heated to a saturated steam temperature in an instant of time t3 and a two-phase water-steam fluid that has reached the saturation temperature is separated in steam and water by the device of steam-water separation (figure 15 (c)). On the other hand, from the moment of time t1 to
    an instant of time t4 (which is an instant of time slightly later than t3), steam has not yet flowed to the high temperature heat capture device, but the metal temperature of the high temperature heat capture device continues to rise, as depicted in figure 15 (d). When the steam that has begun to increase gradually is flowed from the steam-water separation device to the
    High temperature heat collection device in this state, the temperature of the steam at the output of the high temperature heat collection device is exceeded at time t4, as shown in Figure 15 (f). As a result, there is a possibility that the heat transfer tubes of the high temperature heat collection device are damaged.
    The invention has been carried out in consideration of said real circumstances. An object of the invention is to reduce the risk of damage to the heat transfer tubes of a high temperature heat collection device in a solar heat collection system.
    Problem solution
    In order to achieve said object, according to a first configuration of the invention, a solar heat collection system is provided including: a low temperature heat collection device that heats water supplied using heat from sunlight generating steam ; a vapor-water separation device that separates a water-vapor two-phase fluid generated by the low temperature heat pick-up device in water and steam; a high temperature heat capture device that heats the steam separated by the steam-water separation device using heat from sunlight that is reflected by a plurality of heliostats thereby generating superheated steam; and a heliostat control device that controls the angles of the plurality of heliostats so that the metal temperature of the high temperature heat collecting device cannot exceed a threshold temperature that is set in order to avoid overshoot of the steam temperature at an outlet of the high temperature heat capture device.
    According to the first configuration, the metal temperature of the high temperature heat capture device is controlled so that it is not higher than the threshold temperature. Accordingly, it is possible to avoid exceeding the steam temperature at the outlet of the high temperature heat collecting device. Thus, it is possible to reduce the risk of damage to the heat transfer tubes of the high temperature heat collection device.
    According to a second configuration of the invention, a solar heat collection system is provided according to the first configuration, further including: a metal temperature detector that detects the metal temperature of the high temperature heat collection device; and a flow detector that detects the flow of superheated steam generated by the high temperature heat capture device; where: the heliostat control device controls the angles of the plurality of heliostats based on temperature data acquired by the metal temperature detector and flow data acquired by the flow detector.
    According to the second configuration, the heliostats are controlled based on the metal temperature data of the high temperature heat capture device and the superheated steam flow data. Accordingly, it is possible to regulate exactly the temperature of the steam at the outlet of the high temperature heat collection device. Thus, it is possible to reduce the risk of damage to the heat transfer tubes of the high temperature heat collection device to a greater extent.
    According to a third configuration of the invention, a solar heat collection system according to the first or second configuration is provided, further including: a first temperature detector that detects the temperature of the steam at an inlet of the steam-water separation device; where: the heliostat control device controls the angles of the plurality of heliostats so that sunlight can be reflected to the high temperature heat capture device by the heliostats at any time after a time when the device Heat collection at low temperature is put into operation and before the temperature detected by the first temperature detector reaches a saturated steam temperature.
    According to the third configuration, the metal temperature of the high temperature heat collection device begins to increase after the low temperature heat collection device is put into operation. Accordingly, it is easy to control the metal temperature of the high temperature heat capture device so that it is not higher than the threshold temperature. That is, according to the third configuration, due to the easy control to start the heat capture device at high temperature after the heat capture device starts at low temperature, the temperature rise of the metal of the heat collection device High temperature heat can be effectively avoided to reduce the risk of damage to heat transfer tubes.
    In addition, according to the third configuration, the high temperature heat collection device is started before the temperature detected by the first temperature detector reaches the saturated steam temperature. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent steam from flowing to the high temperature heat collecting device in the state in which the temperature of the metal of the high temperature heat collecting device is lower than the saturated steam temperature.
    According to a fourth configuration of the invention, a solar heat collection system is provided according to the first or second configuration, further including: a second temperature detector that detects the temperature of the steam at an outlet of the low temperature heat collection device ; where: the heliostat control device controls the angles of the plurality of heliostats so that sunlight can be reflected to the high temperature heat capture device by the heliostats at any time after a time when the device heat capture at low
    temperature starts up and before the temperature detected by the second
    Temperature detector reaches a saturated steam temperature.
    According to the fourth configuration, the metal temperature of the high temperature heat collection device begins to rise after the low temperature heat collection device is started. Accordingly, it is easy to control the metal temperature of the high temperature heat capture device so that it is not higher than the threshold temperature. That is, according to the fourth configuration, due to the easy control when starting the heat capture device at high temperature after the start of the heat capture device at low temperature, the increase in the metal temperature of the heat collection device High temperature heat can be effectively avoided to reduce the risk of damage to heat transfer tubes.
    Furthermore, according to the fourth configuration, the high temperature heat capture device is started before the temperature detected by the second temperature detector reaches the saturated steam temperature. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent steam from flowing to the high temperature heat collecting device in the state in which the temperature of the metal of the high temperature heat collecting device is lower than the saturated steam temperature.
    According to a fifth configuration of the invention, a solar heat collection system is provided according to one of the first to fourth configurations, where: the low temperature heat collection device includes a light / heat collection device of the channel type in which heat transfer tubes are disposed above the curved inner circumferential surfaces of light capture mirrors each of which extends as a channel so that sunlight can be concentrated in the heat transfer tubes by the light collection mirrors for heating water circulating in the heat transfer tubes thereby generating steam, or a Fresnel type light / heat collection device in which a large number of substantially flat light collection mirrors are juxtaposed and heat transfer tubes are arranged above the group of light collection mirrors so that sunlight can it is concentrated in the heat transfer tubes by the group of light collection mirrors to heat water circulating in the heat transfer tubes thereby generating steam; The high temperature heat pick-up device includes a tower-type light / heat pick-up device in which a panel of heat transfer tubes is installed in a tower that has a predetermined height so that sunlight can be concentrated in the panel of heat transfer tubes by the plurality of heliostats to heat water circulating in the panel of heat transfer tubes thereby generating steam; and the heliostat control device regulates the angles of the heliostats so that sunlight can be concentrated in the panel of heat transfer tubes by heliostats at long distances from the tower rather than by heliostats at short distances from the tower.
    According to the fifth configuration, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the metal of the high temperature heat capture device from suddenly rising. Accordingly, it is possible to avoid the risk of damage to the panel of heat transfer tubes to a greater extent.
    According to a sixth configuration of the invention, a solar heat collection system is provided according to the fifth configuration, where: a spray valve is provided to spray water on the superheated steam generated by the high temperature heat collection device with the In order to make the superheated steam temperature stable.
    According to the sixth configuration, it is possible to supply the superheated steam at a stable temperature. Consequently, when, for example, the solar heat collection system according to the sixth configuration is used to be incorporated into a solar thermal power plant, etc., the performance of the plant as a whole can be improved.
    Advantageous effects of the invention
    According to the invention, it is possible to reduce the risk of damage to the heat transfer tubes of the high temperature heat collection device. By the way, problems, configurations and effects other than those indicated will be clear from the description of the following embodiments.
    Brief description of the drawings
    [Figure 1] A schematic diagram of the configuration of a solar heat collection system according to a first embodiment of the invention.
    [Figure 2] A schematic diagram of the configuration of a device for capturing
    light / heat of the type of tower in which a high temperature heat capture device shown in Figure 1 has been installed.
    [Figure 3] A schematic diagram of the configuration of a heat transfer panel of the high temperature heat collection device shown in Figure 2.
    [Figures 4] Graphs representing various data in the case where the solar heat collection system according to the first embodiment is used to generate steam.
    [Figure 5] A schematic diagram of the configuration of a solar heat collection system according to a second embodiment of the invention.
    [Figure 6] A principle diagram to explain the configuration, etc., of a light / heat pickup device of the channel type.
    [Figure 7] A principle diagram to explain the configuration, etc., of a Fresnel-type light / heat collection device.
    [Figure 8] A schematic diagram of the configuration of a solar heat collection system according to a third embodiment of the invention.
    [Figure 9] A schematic diagram of the configuration of a solar heat collection system according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
    [Figures 10] Graphs representing various data in the case where the solar heat collection system according to the fourth embodiment is used to generate steam.
    [Figures 11] (a) is a view showing the efficiency of light uptake by heliostat with respect to a distance X between a tower and the heliostat and (b) is a top view of a high temperature heat capture device .
    [Figure 12] A schematic diagram of the configuration of a solar heat collection system according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.
    [Figure 13] A schematic diagram of the configuration of a collection system for
    solar heat according to a sixth embodiment of the invention.
    [Figure 14] A schematic diagram of the configuration of a collection system for
    solar heat according to a seventh embodiment of the invention.
    [Figures 15] Graphs representing various data in the case where a solar heat collection system according to the background of the invention is used to generate steam.
    Description of realizations
    The content of the invention will be described in detail in the embodiments indicated below, but the invention is not limited to the embodiments.
    [First realization]
    Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a SYS1 solar heat collection system according to a first embodiment of the invention. The SYS1 solar heat collection system is used to supply superheated steam to a steam turbine of a solar thermal power plant. By the way, although not represented, the solar thermal power plant has a configuration including the steam turbine, a power generator, a steam condenser, and a line. The steam turbine is driven by superheated steam generated by a high temperature heat collection device 5 of the SYS1 solar heat collection system. The power generator generates electrical power using the driving power of the steam turbine. The steam condenser condenses the superheated steam supplied to the steam turbine to water. Through the line, the water condensed by the steam condenser is supplied to a low temperature heat collection device 1 of the solar heat collection system SYS1.
    In Figure 1, reference number 1 designates a low temperature heat collection device that heats water using heat from sunlight; 2, a water feed pump; 3, a water supply valve; 4, a vapor separation device that separates a two-phase water-steam fluid generated by the low temperature heat capture device 1 in water and steam; 5, a high temperature heat pick-up device that heats steam using heat from sunlight; 6, the sun; 7, sunlight from the sun; 8, heliostats; 9, a tower; 10, a steam valve; eleven; a flow meter (flow detector) that measures the steam flow of the high temperature heat capture device 5; 12, a thermometer (metal temperature detector) that measures the metal temperature of the high temperature heat capture device 5; 13, an arithmetic device (heliostat control device) that regulates an angle of any heliostat 8 based on flow data acquired by the flow meter 11 and temperature data acquired by the thermometer 12; 14, a circulation pump; and 40, a spray valve. By the way, the reason why the spray valve 40 is disposed in a bifurcation tube that forks a tube that connects the water supply pump 2 and the water supply valve 3 is that the temperature of water supplied It is very stable so that the water flow can be easily adjusted.
    In the following description, the tubes connecting respective constituent elements will be called O-O lines. Each of these OR will be replaced by a reference number or sign. For example, a line 2-3 expresses a tube that connects the water supply pump 2 and the water supply valve 3.
    In the solar heat collection system SYS1, as shown in Figure 1, the water supplied from the water supply pump 2 passes first through line 2
    3. The water flow rate is regulated by the water supply valve 3. Then, the regulated water is distributed to the low temperature heat collecting device 1 through a line 3-1. In the low temperature heat collection device 1, the water supplied is heated by the heat of sunlight so that a water-vapor two-phase fluid can be generated. The generated water-steam two-phase fluid is distributed to the steam-water separation device 4 through a line 1-4.
    The water-steam two-phase fluid directed to the steam-water separation device 4 is separated in water and steam by the steam-water separation device 4. The separated saturated steam is distributed to the high temperature heat capture device 5 a through a line 4-5. The saturated steam directed to the high temperature heat capture device 5 is further heated with solar heat in the high temperature heat capture device 5 so that superheated steam can be generated. By the way, the water separated by the steam-water separation device 4 is distributed to the circulation pump 14 through a line 4-14. The water pressurized by the circulation pump 14 is distributed to an inlet of the low temperature heat collecting device 1 through a line 14-1.
    Superheated steam generated by the high temperature heat capture device
    5 is passed through a line 5-11 so that the superheated steam flow rate can be measured by the flowmeter 11. The superheated steam is passed through a line 1110 so that the superheated steam flow rate can be adjusted by the steam valve 10. By the way, the flowmeter data of the flowmeter 11 is introduced to the arithmetic device 13. In addition, the metal temperature of the high temperature heat capture device 5 is measured by the thermometer 12. The temperature data of the thermometer 12 are introduced to the arithmetic device 13. In addition, the arithmetic device 13 has a mechanism to adjust the angle of any heliostat 8 based on the flow data entered and the temperature data entered (details will be described later). By the way, the metal temperature detector according to the invention is not limited to the thermometer, but may include a metal temperature detector based on photographic data analysis using thermography or a camera.
    Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a light / heat collection device of the tower type in which the high temperature heat collection device 5 shown in Figure 1 is installed. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a heat transfer panel of the high temperature heat collection device 5.
    As shown in Figure 2, in the light / heat collection device of the tower type, the high temperature heat collection device 5 (heat transfer tube panel 27) has been installed in a tower 9 which It has a predetermined height (approximately 30 m to 100 m). On the other hand, a large number of heliostats 8 are arranged in various directions on the surface of the earth. The group of heliostats 8 tracks the movement of the sun 6 to concentrate light in the high temperature heat collection device 5 (heat transfer tube panel 27) so that superheated steam can be generated in the collection device of heat at high temperature 5. With said mechanism, the light / heat collection device of the tower type can generate steam at a higher temperature than a light / heat capture device of the channel type. Accordingly, when the light / heat collection device of the tower type is used in a solar thermal power plant, the advantage is obtained that the efficiency of the turbine can be improved and more electrical power can be obtained.
    As shown in Figure 3, the panel of heat transfer tubes 27 used in the high temperature heat collection device 5 is constituted by a manifold
    bottom of superheater 22, large number of heat transfer tubes of
    superheater 21, and an upper superheater manifold 23. The lower superheater manifold 22 evenly distributes the steam from the steam-water separation device 4. The superheater heat transfer tubes 21 are arranged in parallel so that the steam distributed through the lower superheater manifold 22 can be flowed through the superheater heat transfer tubes 21. The upper superheater manifold 23 collects the superheated steam exiting the superheater heat transfer tubes 21. The superheated steam that out of the upper superheater manifold 23 is supplied to the steam turbine not shown.
    Figures 4 (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f) respectively will be used below to explain the change in the amount of solar radiation, the change in the metal temperature of the low temperature heat collection device, change of steam temperature at an inlet of the steam-water separation device, change of steam flow at an inlet (outlet) of high temperature heat capture device, the change of the metal temperature of the high temperature heat collection device, and the change of the steam temperature at the output of the high temperature heat capture device in the case where the SYS1 solar heat collection system according to The first embodiment is used to generate steam.
    When the amount of solar radiation begins to increase in an instant of time t1 as shown in Figure 4 (a), the low temperature heat pickup device 1 is started and the metal temperature of the pickup device of Low temperature heat 1 begins to increase as shown in Figure 4 (b). The steam temperature reaches a saturated steam temperature T3 at the entrance of the steam-water separation device 4 in an instant of time t3, as shown in Figure 4 (c). On this occasion, the arithmetic device 13 regulates the angle of any heliostat 8 based on the flow data acquired by the flow meter 11 and the temperature data acquired by the thermometer 12 so that the temperature of the device metal can be prevented High temperature heat collection 5 exceeds a threshold temperature Tc (Tc = 600'C to 660'C), as shown in Fig. 4 (e).
    Thus, even at a time (time instant t4 in Figure 4 (d)) when the saturated steam whose temperature has increased to the saturated steam temperature T3 flows to the high temperature heat capture device 5, the amount of temperature with the
    that the steam temperature can be exceeded at the outlet of the capture device of
    High temperature heat 5 can be reduced so that the risk of thermal damage of the heat transfer tubes of the high temperature heat collecting device 5 can be reduced (see Figure 4 (f)).
    [Embodiment 2]
    Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a SYS2 solar heat collection system according to a second embodiment of the invention. In the embodiment, a low temperature heat pick-up device 15 including a light / heat pick-up device of the channel type is used. The rest of the configuration, etc., is the same as in the first embodiment so that its description will not be duplicated.
    Figure 6 is a principle diagram to explain the configuration, etc., of the light / heat pickup device of the channel type. In the light / heat pickup device of the channel type, heat transfer tubes 31 are arranged horizontally and individually in focal positions above the curved inner circumferential surfaces of the light pickup mirrors 30 each of which is extends as a channel, so that sunlight 7 can be concentrated in the heat transfer tubes 31 by the light collection mirrors 30, as shown in Figure 6. Water 33 circulates in the respective transfer tubes of heat 31. The water 33 is heated by the heat collected by the heat transfer tubes 31 so that a two-phase water-vapor fluid 34 of the heat transfer tubes 31 can be obtained. With said mechanism, the device for Light / heat collection of the channel type has the advantage that sophisticated light collection technology is not required and the structure is comparatively simple.
    In the second embodiment, a low temperature heat pick-up device can be used including a Fresnel-type light / heat pick-up device instead of the low temperature heat pick-up device 15 including the light-heat pick-up device of the channel type Figure 7 is a principle diagram to explain the configuration, etc., of the Fresnel-type light / heat collection device. As shown in Figure 7, in the Fresnel-type light / heat collection device, a large number of flat or slightly curved light collection mirrors 35 whose angles are gradually changed are juxtaposed, and a group of tubes of Heat transfer 31 which are formed in the form of a panel are arranged horizontally in a position several meters above the group of light collection mirrors 35.
    The group of light collection mirrors 35 concentrates the sunlight 7 in the group of heat transfer tubes 31, and the water 33 circulating in the respective heat transfer tubes 31 is heated so that a fluid can be obtained water-steam two-phase 34 of the heat transfer tubes 31. With such a mechanism, the Fresnel-type light / heat collection device has the advantage that the manufacturing of the Fresnel-type light / heat collection device is simpler and cheaper than using curved light pickup mirrors of channel type 30 and light pickup mirrors 35 are hardly affected by wind pressure.
    [Third embodiment]
    Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a SYS3 solar heat collection system according to a third embodiment of the invention. In Fig. 8, reference number 17 designates a thermometer that is disposed at a steam outlet of a low temperature heat collecting device 1; 18, a flow meter that measures the flow rate of a two-phase water-steam fluid directed from the low temperature heat capture device 1 to a steam-water separation device 4; 43, a thermometer that is disposed in a steam inlet of the steam-water separation device 4; and 19, an arithmetic device. The rest of the configuration, etc., is the same as in the first embodiment so that its description will not be duplicated.
    In the third embodiment, the steam temperature is measured with the thermometer 17 disposed at the outlet of the low temperature heat capture device 1. The flow rate of the steam is measured by the flow meter 18. The arithmetic device 19 controls the degree of opening of a water supply valve 3 to regulate the flow of water supplied to the low temperature heat collecting device 1 so that the respective measurement data of the thermometer 17 and the flow meter 18 can be equal to predetermined values. Specifically, the flow rate of the water supplied to the low temperature heat collection device 1 is regulated so that the temperature of the steam at the outlet of the low temperature heat collection device 1 cannot exceed 300'C. Thus, the amount of steam generated by the low temperature heat collection device 1 can be optimized according to the amount of heat collection. By the way, the thermometer 43 disposed in the steam inlet of the steam-water separation device 4 can be used instead of the thermometer 17 disposed in the steam outlet of the low temperature heat capture device 1 so that the thermometer 43 and the flow meter 18 can be used to control the water supply valve 3.
    [Fourth realization]
    Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a SYS4 solar heat collection system according to a fourth embodiment of the invention. In Fig. 9, reference number 20 designates a thermometer that is disposed at a steam outlet of a low temperature heat collecting device 1; 21, a flow meter that measures the flow rate of a two-phase water-steam fluid directed from the low temperature heat capture device 1 to a steam-water separation device 4; 44, a thermometer that is disposed in a steam inlet of the steam-water separation device 4; and 22, an arithmetic device. The rest of the configuration, etc., is the same as in the first embodiment so that its description will not be duplicated.
    In the fourth embodiment, the steam temperature is measured by the thermometer 20 disposed at the outlet of the low temperature heat collection device 1. The flow rate of the steam is measured by the flow meter 21. The arithmetic device 22 regulates a quantity of heat collection of the low temperature heat collection device 1 so that the respective measurement data of the thermometer 20 and the flow meter 21 can be equal to predetermined values. Specifically, the amount of heat collection of the low temperature heat collection device 1 is regulated so that the temperature of the steam at the outlet of the low temperature heat collection device 1 cannot exceed 300'C. Thus, the amount of steam generated by the low temperature heat capture device 1 can be optimized according to the flow of water supplied. By the way, the thermometer 44 disposed in the steam inlet of the steam-water separation device 4 can be used instead of the thermometer 20 disposed in the steam outlet of the low temperature heat capture device 1 so that the thermometer 44 and the flow meter 21 can be used to control the amount of heat collection of the low temperature heat collection device 1.
    Furthermore, by the control carried out in the fourth embodiment different from that of the first embodiment, the metal temperature of a high temperature heat collecting device 5 can be maintained so that it is not higher than a threshold temperature Tc. The control will now be described in detail with reference to Figures 10. By the way, in the fourth embodiment, the threshold temperature Tc of the metal temperature
    of the high temperature heat collection device 5 is set at 600'C to 660'C.
    In addition, in each of Figures 10 (d), (f) Y (g), the continuous line designates change in the case in which the solar heat collection system SYS4 according to the fourth embodiment of the invention is used, and the two-dot and dashed line designates change in the case in which the solar heat collection system is used according to the background of the invention.
    In the SYS4 solar heat collection system, the low temperature heat collection device 1 is started up to start the capture of light as soon as the amount of solar radiation begins to increase (time instant t1), as it is represented in figure 10 (a). Then, the metal temperature of the low temperature heat collection device 1 begins to rise, as shown in Figure 1 O (b). In addition, when the low temperature heat collection device 1 is started up, the water circulating in the low temperature heat collection device 1 is gradually heated and the fluid temperature at the inlet of the steam separation device -water 4 increases. On this occasion, the high temperature heat collection device 5 has not yet been started. Consequently, the metal temperature of the high temperature heat capture device 5 hardly increases (see range from time instant t1 to time instant t2 in Figure 10 (f)).
    When the temperature of the fluid at the inlet of the steam-water separation device 4 reaches a predetermined temperature T2 (at the time of time t2), a part (N1) of the heliostats 8 is tilted facing a transfer panel of heat 27 (receiving part) of the high temperature heat collecting device 5, as shown in the figure
    10 (d). As a result, a portion of sunlight 7 is applied as reflected light on the heat transfer panel 27 of the high temperature heat capture device 5. Thus, the metal temperature of the high temperature heat capture device 5 increases gradually from the instant of time t2 (figure 1 O (f)).
    In addition, the number of inclined heliostats 8 looking at the heat transfer panel 27 of a tower 9 gradually increases over time. When it is an instant of time t4 slightly later than an instant of time t3 in which the temperature of the fluid at the inlet of the steam-water separation device 4 (the temperature measured by the thermometer 44) reaches a saturated steam temperature T3, all (N2) heliostats 8 are inclined facing the heat transfer panel 27.
    Thus, the high temperature heat collection device 5 starts up later than the low temperature heat collection device 1 is started, and the number of heliostats 8 also gradually increases. Accordingly, the amount of light collection of the high temperature heat collection device 5 is gradually increased. As a result, the metal temperature of the high temperature heat collecting device 5 can be gradually increased from the instant of time t2. In addition, the metal temperature of the high temperature heat capture device 5 can be maintained at the threshold temperature Tc at the instant of time t4 in which the saturated steam separated from the steam-water separation device 4 is directed to the device of high temperature heat collection 5.
    Here, the control of heliostats 8 will be described in detail with reference to Figures 11. Figure 11 (a) is a view representing the efficiency of light uptake by heliostat with respect to a distance X between the tower and the heliostat . Figure 11 (b) is a top view of the high temperature heat collection device 5. As shown in Figure 11 (b), a large number of heliostats 8 are arranged around the tower 9 and divided into three zones, that is, zone (a), zone (b) and zone (c), sequentially in ascending order of distance from tower 9. As illustrated in the drawing, a plurality of heliostats 8 are arranged in each of the zones.
    As shown in Figure 11 (a), the light pickup efficiency decreases as the distance of the tower 9 as origin increases (the value of the distance X increases). The reason is as follows. When the distance between heliostat 8 and tower 9 increases, the angle of inclination of heliostat 8 is increased in order to radiate the heat transfer panel 27 with reflected light, but a light receiving area of a mirror decreases ( cosine effect). By the way, said light collection efficiency means a ratio of an amount of energy incident in the heat transfer panel 27 that serves as the receiving part to a quantity of solar energy per mirror area. When the distance between the tower 9 and the heliostat 8 is shorter and the angle of inclination of the heliostat 8 to radiate the heat transfer panel 27 with reflected light is smaller, the light receiving area is larger. Consequently, the light pickup efficiency is higher.
    In the embodiment, the light receiving zone in each of the heliostats 8 installed in the zone (a) is large and the light collection efficiency is 1.0. When the value of distance X increases, the light pickup efficiency decreases. That is, the
    ratio of zone (a)> zone (b)> zone (c) between the light collection efficiency and the zone of
    light reception of each heliostat 8.
    In the embodiment, the heliostats 8 are operated in turn in descending order of the distance from the tower 9. Specifically, the arithmetic device 13 first controls the angles of the heliostats 8 installed in the area (c) to reflect the solar light 7 towards the high temperature heat capture device 5 in a time of an instant of time t2 in which the temperature data measured by the thermometer 44 reaches T2. When the control of heliostats 8 installed in zone (c) is completed, arithmetic device 13 then controls the angles of heliostats 8 installed in zone (b). When the control of the heliostats 8 installed in the zone (b) is completed, the arithmetic device 13 controls the angles of the heliostats 8 installed in the zone (a). Thus, the number of heliostats 8 increases gradually from the instant of time t2 to the instant of time t4, as shown in Figure 10 (d).
    By the way, Figure 10 (d) represents an example in which the angles of heliostats 8 are gradually controlled in the order of zone (c), zone (b) and zone (a), and the angles of heliostats 8 in each of the zones they are also gradually controlled in descending order of the distance of the tower 9. Therefore, the number of heliostats 8 increases by drawing a curved line from the instant of time t2 to the instant of time t4. By the way, the angles of heliostats 8 can be controlled together according to each zone. In this case, the number of heliostats 8 is gradually increased between the instant of time t2 and the instant of time t4.
    The light pick-up efficiency of each heliostat 8 decreases when heliostat 8 is more distant from tower 9. Therefore, when the angles of heliostats 8 are thus gradually controlled from the area a long distance from tower 9 a the area at a short distance from the tower 9, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the metal of the high temperature heat capture device 5 from suddenly increasing in the state in which steam has not yet flowed to the heat collection device at high temperature 5. Accordingly, it is possible to regulate exactly the metal temperature of the heat capture device at high temperature 5. As a result, it is possible to avoid the appearance of steam temperature exceeding at the outlet of the heat collection device at high temperature 5 so that it is possible to avoid the risk of damage of the heat transfer panel 27.
    By the way, a change in the temperature of the steam produced by the fluctuation of the
    The amount of solar radiation can be covered when a water supply valve 3 is put into operation to increase / decrease the amount of water supplied. In addition, although the arithmetic device 13 controls the heliostats 8 based on the temperature data measured by the thermometer (first temperature detector) 44, the arithmetic device 13 can control the heliostats 8, as described above, based on the temperature data measured by the thermometer (second temperature detector) 20 disposed at the steam outlet of the low temperature heat capture device 1.
    [Fifth realization]
    Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a SYS5 solar heat collection system according to a fifth embodiment of the invention. In Fig. 12, reference number 23 is a water level meter that measures the water level of a steam-water separation device 4; 25, a circulation flow control valve that regulates a water flow rate between a low temperature heat capture device 1 and the steam-water separation device 4; and 24, an arithmetic device. The rest of the configuration, etc., is the same as that of the first embodiment so that its description will not be duplicated.
    In the fifth embodiment, a flow rate or the rate of circulation of water supplied may be regulated by a water supply valve 3 or the flow rate control valve 25 so that the water level of the vapor separation device- Water 4 can be equal to a predetermined value. Consequently, an amount of water contained in the low temperature heat capture device 1 can be kept constant. Furthermore, according to the fifth embodiment, water can be prevented from flowing to a high temperature heat capture device 5 when the water exceeds the capacity of the reservoir of the steam-water separation device 4.
    [Sixth realization]
    Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a SYS6 solar heat collection system according to a sixth embodiment of the invention. In Fig. 13, reference number 26 designates a heating medium channel in which a heating medium circulates; 27, a heating medium circulation pump that is disposed in the middle of the heating medium channel 26; 28, a light / heat collection device that is disposed in the middle of the heating medium channel 26 so that the heat generated due to solar light collection 7 can be transferred to the heating medium circulating in the medium channel heating 26; and 29, a heat exchanger, including a low temperature heat capture device in which a part of the heating medium channel 26 has been installed internally as a heat exchanger. The rest of the configuration, etc., is the same as in the first embodiment so that its description will not be duplicated.
    The sixth embodiment has a configuration in which the heat collected by the light / heat collection device 28 is transferred to water within the heat exchanger, including a low temperature heat collection device 29 through the heating means. Accordingly, a medium of high heat capacity, such as oil or molten salt, can be used as the heating medium so that the temperature of the low temperature heat capture device can be prevented from decreasing when the amount of radiation is attenuated solar. Thus, steam can be generated more quickly when the amount of solar radiation is recovered.
    [Seventh realization]
    Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a SYS7 solar heat collection system according to a seventh embodiment of the invention. In Fig. 14, reference numeral 41 designates a thermometer that is disposed on a downward side of a steam valve 10 Y to measure the steam temperature supplied to a steam turbine not shown; and 42, an arithmetic device. The rest of the configuration, etc., is the same as in the first embodiment so that its description will not be duplicated.
    In the seventh embodiment, the temperature data measured by the thermometer 41 is sent to the arithmetic device 42. The arithmetic device 42 opens / closes a spray valve 40 based on the temperature data of the thermometer 41 to thereby control the amount of spray. Thus, it is possible to make the temperature of the steam supplied to the steam turbine stable. In particular, the spray valve 40 is arranged in a position shown in Figure 14 to use supplied water. Consequently, the spray temperature is stable. As a result, the steam temperature can be kept more stable in the seventh embodiment.
    According to each of the embodiments of the invention described above, the control is
    It can be realized so that the metal temperature of the high temperature heat capture device 5 cannot be higher than a threshold temperature. Accordingly, it is possible to avoid exceeding the steam temperature at the outlet of the high temperature heat collecting device so that it is possible to reduce the risk of damage of the heat transfer panel 27 of the high temperature heat collecting device .
    List of reference signs
    1: low temperature heat collection device
    4: steam-water separation device
    5: high temperature heat collection device
    7: sunlight
    8: heliostat
    9: tower
    11: flow meter (flow detector)
    12: thermometer (metal temperature detector)
    13: arithmetic device (heliostat control device)
    15: low temperature heat collection device of the channel type (low temperature heat collection device)
    20: thermometer (second temperature detector)
    27: heat transfer panel
    30: light pickup mirror
    31: heat transfer tube
    35: light pickup mirror
    5 40: spray valve
    44: thermometer (first temperature detector) T3: saturated steam temperature
    Tc: threshold temperature
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
     REIVIN DICATIONS
    1. A solar heat collection system including:
    a low temperature heat collection device that heats water supplied using heat from sunlight generating steam;
    a vapor-water separation device that separates a water-vapor two-phase fluid generated by the low temperature heat pick-up device to water and steam;
    a high temperature heat capture device that heats the steam separated by the steam-water separation device using sunlight heat that is reflected by a plurality of heliostats thereby generating superheated steam; Y
    a heliostat control device that controls the angles of the plurality of heliostats so that the temperature of the metal of the high temperature heat collecting device cannot be higher than a threshold temperature set in order to avoid overshoot of the steam temperature at an outlet of the high temperature heat capture device.
    [2]
    2. A solar heat collection system according to claim 1, further including:
    a metal temperature detector that detects the metal temperature of the high temperature heat capture device; Y
    a flow detector that detects a superheated steam flow generated by the high temperature heat capture device; where:
    The heliostat control device controls the angles of the plurality of heliostats based on temperature data acquired by the metal temperature detector and flow data acquired by the flow detector.
    [3]
    3. A solar heat collection system according to claim 1, further including:
    a first temperature detector that detects the temperature of the steam at an inlet of the steam-water separation device; where:
    The heliostat control device controls the angles of the plurality of heliostats so that sunlight can be reflected to the high temperature heat collecting device by the heliostats at any time after a time when the heat collecting device at low temperature it starts and before the temperature detected by the first temperature detector reaches a saturated steam temperature.
    [4]
    4. A solar heat collection system according to claim 1, further including:
    a second temperature detector that detects the temperature of the steam at an outlet of the low temperature heat capture device; where:
    The heliostat control device controls the angles of the plurality of heliostats so that sunlight can be reflected to the high temperature heat collecting device by the heliostats at any time after a time when the heat collecting device at low temperature it starts and before the temperature detected by the second temperature detector reaches a saturated steam temperature.
    [5]
    5. A solar heat collection system according to claim 1, wherein:
    The low temperature heat collecting device includes a light / heat collecting device of the channel type in which heat transfer tubes are disposed on curved inner circumferential surfaces of light collecting mirrors each of which is extends as a channel so that sunlight can be concentrated in the heat transfer tubes by the light collection mirrors to heat water circulating in the heat transfer tubes thereby generating steam, or a collection device of light / heat of the Fresnel type in which a large number of substantially flat light collection mirrors are juxtaposed and heat transfer tubes are arranged above the group of light collection mirrors so that sunlight can be concentrated in the heat transfer tubes by the group of light collection mirrors to heat water circulating in the transfer tubes of heat generating steam;
    The high temperature heat pick-up device includes a tower-type light / heat pick-up device in which a panel of heat transfer tubes is installed in a tower that has a predetermined height so that sunlight can be concentrated in the panel of heat transfer tubes by the plurality of
    5 heliostats for heating water circulating in the panel of heat transfer tubes thereby generating steam; Y
    The heliostat control device regulates the angles of the heliostats so that sunlight can be concentrated on the panel of heat transfer tubes by the
    10 heliostats at long distances from the tower rather than by heliostats at short distances from the tower.
    [6]
    6. A solar heat collection system according to claim 5, wherein:
    A spray valve is provided to spray water on the superheated steam generated by the high temperature heat collection device in order to make the temperature of the superheated steam stable.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US9903613B2|2018-02-27|
    JP6033405B2|2016-11-30|
    AU2014238823B2|2016-09-08|
    ES2554282R1|2016-01-07|
    WO2014148259A1|2014-09-25|
    ES2554282B2|2016-09-28|
    JPWO2014148259A1|2017-02-16|
    AU2014238823A1|2015-10-08|
    US20160025383A1|2016-01-28|
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